Numismatics (45037)
coins
Antique and medieval coins
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Coins of Ukraine
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Russia and USSR
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Australia and Oceania
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Asia
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Africa
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Europe
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North America
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South America
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Bank bullion
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Tokens *
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Collections, sets and lots
(44)
Copies *
(933)
Сommemorative medal
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References and accessories
(1190)
Other
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Scripophilia (2900)
stocks, bonds
Shares, bonds of Tsarist Russia
(100)
USSR bonds
(299)
Ukrainian stocks and bonds
(158)
Foreign stocks and bonds
(149)
Insurance (policies, certificates, receipts)
(189)
Banking and financial documents
(174)
Invoices, receipts, letters
(362)
Bills, checks, receipts
(148)
Lottery tickets
(1217)
Samples
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Collections
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Stock and bond coupons
(77)
Literature on scripophilia, accessories
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Other
(26)
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Second-hand books (69587)
books, magazines
Antique editions before 1920
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Fiction
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Children's literature
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Biographies, memories and memoirs
(1050)
Culture and art
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Folklore*
(131)
Music, notes
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Ethics and aesthetics
(29)
Story
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Scientific and technical literature
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Social Sciences and Humanities
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Dictionaries
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Encyclopedias
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Directories
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Instructions and rules
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Educational literature
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Travel and guides
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Religion
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Philosophy
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Psychology, self-knowledge
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Journalism *
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Esoterics
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Medicine
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Sports literature *
(535)
World of Wildlife
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Leisure and hobbies
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Cooking
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Needlework
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Home and interior
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Agriculture
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Newspapers and magazines
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Engravings and lithographs
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Maps and plans
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Posters
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Bookplates
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Miniature books
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Manuscripts and autographs *
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Libraries and collections
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Publications in foreign languages
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Other
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Old documents (11137)
Pharmacy, prescriptions
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Certificates, certificates, diplomas, report cards
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Archives and collections
(22)
Forms
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Certificates, diplomas, awards
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Journals, lists, diaries
(46)
Notices, summonses, notices
(60)
Historical documents
(369)
Personal affairs and characteristics
(57)
Notary and legal proceedings
(128)
Document folders
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Patents, copyright certificates
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Letters and telegrams
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Orders and instructions
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Vouchers and sanatorium books
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Certificates and statements
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Certificates
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Charters and treaties
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Other
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Art and antiques (11064)
Paintings
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Sculpture (porcelain, bronze)
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Vases, cups
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Faith and religions
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Forged Products
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Carpets, tapestries
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Writing instruments
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Candlesticks, lamps
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Interior items
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Samovars, bouillottes
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Silver plate
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References
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Other
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Faleristics (55077)
orders, medals, badges
Tsarist Russia and the RSFSR until 1923
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USSR 1924-1991
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Badges
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Ukraine
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Germany before 1945
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Germany after 1945
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Austro-Hungarian Empire
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Poland
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Mongolia, China, Vietnam, Korea
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Japan and Manchukuo
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Countries of the world before 1945
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Countries of the world after 1945
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Service and memorial signs after 1991
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Sports medals
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Tokens to wear
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Documents for badges and awards
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Collections and prefabricated lots
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Pads, strips and parts
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References and accessories
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Militaria (12922)
Ammunition and equipment
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Hats
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Form
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Cockades
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Collection weapons
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Stripes, chevrons
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Hunting knives, folding knives, etc.
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Shoulder straps and buttonholes
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Shoulder and lapel insignia
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Military history items
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Buttons
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Literature on militaria
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Other (except weapons)
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Other collections (64768)
home stuff
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Food and drink
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Games and toys
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Scale models
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Advertising
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Sport
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Hunting and fishing
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Tourism and rest
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Theater, music, cinema
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Tobacco and accessories
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Phylumenia (matches)
(356)
Tickets, coupons, subscriptions
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Calendaristics
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Cards
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Office
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Watch
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Jewelry
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Clothing and haberdashery
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Barber
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Flags and pennants
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Stones and minerals
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Antique bricks *
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Seals and seals (sphragistics)
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Scrap and parts containing precious metals
(2)
Records, cassettes, tapes, CDs
(6405)
Photographic equipment and optical devices
(901)
Mechanical devices
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Radio equipment and tape recorders
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Electronics
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Retro Auto\Moto\Bicycle equipment and spare parts
(114)
Devices and tools
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Accessories for collectors
(61)
Other
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Close
European banknotes appeared in the 17th century. Certificates from English jewelers were used as receipts or served as proof of the client's solvency. By 1660, these receipts had become an alternative to the gold and silver bullion, which were the forerunners of banknotes in England. The Swiss bank, founded in 1656, made loans and mortgages, issued letters of credit and accepted deposits. In 1661 it became the first official bank in Europe to issue banknotes.